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Definition

Dual-use items include goods, software, and technology (know-how and other forms of information) that could be used for civil or military purposes. It includes all items which could be used in non-explosive applications, or in manufacturing nuclear, chemical or biological weapons.

A licence is required to export all controlled dual-use items from the UK to overseas destinations, including EU Member States.

Examples of dual-use items

• Nuclear (e.g. complete nuclear reactors and parts thereof, and dual-use parts and materials)

• Chemicals (e.g. precursors for toxic chemical agents such as Potassium Cyanide 150-50-8)

• Micro-organisms & toxins (e.g. Lassa fever virus in the form of isolated live cultures, apart from licensed vaccines)

• Navigation and avionics (e.g. continuous output accelerometers specified to function at acceleration levels exceeding 100g)

• Intangible technology associated with the design, production, or use of controlled goods is often also controlled

• Unmanned aerial vehicles and associated technology

There are some areas of research where staff should always seek advice before proceeding with any interaction. Please see section "2. Are the items being exported controlled?" on the Do I need an export licence? page for guidance.

Generally, only those dual-use items with certain performance characteristics or capabilities will be subject to export controls, but it remains important to consider end use related risks. You can use the in conjunction with the UK Strategic Export Control List to check if your item is controlled and which performance characteristics apply. It is strongly recommended to contact the RSCD Research Security Team for  support and advice in determining whether export controls do or might apply to any items that you plan to procure, or that you will be using or producing in the course of your activities. To check whether your activity may be exempted from Export Controls, see our Exemptions page.

NOTE: Even if export controls have been ruled out or the required licences procured, other research security risks may still need to be addressed to ensure lawful and responsible participation in collaborative opportunities.